Migraine
Migraines are a type of headache that cause moderate to severe, throbbing pain on one side of the head. They can also cause other symptoms, including:
nausea, vomiting, light and sound sensitivity, cognitive dysfunction, allodynia, dizziness, numbness, and chills.
Migraines can last from four hours to three days, and often occur in the morning, especially when waking up. Physical activity, movement, coughing, or sneezing can make the pain worse.
Migraines can be triggered by many factors, including:
- Caffeine withdrawal
- Hormonal changes during menstruation or while taking birth control pills
- Changes in sleep patterns
- Drinking alcohol
- Loud noises or bright lights
- Missed meals
- Odors or perfumes
- Smoking or exposure to smoke
- Stress and anxiety
Migraines are genetically influenced and can run in families. They can affect people of any age, but they usually start during adolescence and peak in your 30s. Women are three times more likely to get migraines than men, and hormonal changes can often be a factor. For example, women might experience migraines just before or after their period, or during pregnancy or menopause.